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Accounting Cycle or Accounting process

Meaning of accounting cycle
The accounting cycle is the complete sequence of accounting processes or procedures which begin with the recording of business transactions in the book or books of original entry and end with the preparation of final accounts, and which are repeated in the same order in each accounting period.

Diagram showing accounting process of an accounting cycle:


The sequential steps involved in the accounting cycle are

1.Recording the business transactions in a journal or special journals
Recording the business transactions date wise in the book or books of original entry called the journal or in a number of books of original entry called the special journals or subsidiary books, as and when they occur.

2. Classifying the transactions through posting to  ledger periodically

Classifying the transactions (i.e., the entries found in the book or books of original entry) by posting or transferring those entries to the appropriate accounts in the Ledger periodically.

3.Balancing the various Ledger accounts

To know the net effect of similar entries the various Ledger accounts are balanced in the third step of the accounting process.

4. Preparation of a trial balance
Verifying or checking the arithmetical accuracy from the balances of various ledger accounts, the trial balance is prepared in the 4th step of the accounting cycle.

5.Final accounts preparation
In the final process of accounting cycle, the final accounts or financial statements from the trial balance and the adjustments , if any, at the end of the accounting period, to ascertain the profit or loss of the business for the accounting. And to ascertain the financial position of the business at the end of the accounting period


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